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Administering an Exchange Server 2013 Environment (part 9) - Server Administration

2/18/2014 3:13:43 AM

7. Server Administration

In Exchange Server 2007, administrators were constantly reminded that to take advantage of the improvements in high-availability technology, there should only be one storage group per database. If having several databases in a storage group complicated high-availability scenarios and made single-database restores more complex, why bother having them at all? Apparently Microsoft agreed: In Exchange Server 2010 and 2013, the concept of the storage group is no more.

Creating a New Database

Creating a new mailbox database in Exchange Server 2013 is a straightforward process. To create a new database from the EMS, a sample command is shown here:

New-MailboxDatabase -Server E2013-1 -Name MDB2 -EdbFilePath D:\MDB2\MDB2.edb
-LogFolderPath D:\Logs\MDB2

To mount the newly created database, use the following command:

Mount-Database -Identity MDB2

Setting Limits on Databases

After you create a database, you can customize the maximum storage limits and deletion settings for mailboxes stored on that database. Although some organizations consider limits of these kinds to be draconian in nature, most understand that preventing users from storing unlimited amounts of archaic data and the regular automatic purging of deleted items helps to ensure a healthy and happy messaging system.

By default, these settings apply to all user mailboxes stored on that database. However, specific limits on individual mailboxes can be configured to override these databasewide settings. This can be useful when you want to set a limit for all users on a particular database, but you have one user who needs more (or less) restrictive settings. To configure these options, perform the following tasks:

1. Start the Exchange Administration Center.

2. In the left navigation control, click Servers.

3. Click the Databases tab.

4. Double-click the database that you want to configure.

5. Select the Limits tab.

6. Several limits are available to configure for the database. You can configure any of the following settings on the database:

Storage limits—The storage section limits enable you to configure restrictions on all mailboxes located within that database. The available storage limits options are as follows:

Issue Warning At—1.9GB. This is not a “hard” limit, but a warning threshold. When this limit has been exceeded, the user will get a message warning them.

Prohibit Send At—2 GB. This is a “hard” limit. When a mailbox exceeds this threshold, the user is unable to send mail. This does not impact the user’s ability to receive mail, ensuring the user does not miss any messages while scurrying to clean up his or her mailbox.

Prohibit Send and Receive At—2.3GB. This is also a “hard” limit. When the mailbox exceeds this limit, the user can no longer send or receive messages. Incoming mail destined for this mailbox will be returned to the sender.

Deletion settings—The deletion settings dictate how deleted items and mailboxes in the database will be dealt with. The available deletion settings options are as follows:

Keep Deleted Items for (Days)—By default, mailbox databases are configured to keep deleted items for 14 days.


Note

There is often some user confusion as to what messages can be recovered using the Tools, Recover Deleted Items option in Outlook. There are two types of deletion: hard deletion and soft deletion. When users delete an item, it goes to the Deleted Items folder and can be recovered simply by dragging and dropping it back into the Inbox. If a user goes to the Deleted Items folder, and again deletes the message, or if he or she selects Tools, Empty Deleted Items Folder, the item has been hard deleted and can be recovered using the Tools, Recover Deleted Items option. A user can also hard delete an item by using Shift+Delete. This recovery can be accomplished if it is initiated within the window set in the Keep Deleted Items for (Days) section field. However, if a user enters the Recover Deleted Items utility and selects to purge a message, or if the Keep Deleted Items for (Days) period has expired, the item is hard deleted and cannot be recovered without resorting to restore methods.


Keep Deleted Mailboxes for (Days)—In Exchange Server 2013, as it has been since Exchange Server 2003, disabling or removing a mailbox does not mean that the mailbox is permanently purged from the database immediately. The mailbox is flagged for deletion and can no longer be accessed by users. After the mailbox retention period controlled by this setting has been reached, the mailbox is then purged from the system. This option is extremely useful if a user deletion occurs that is the result of a mistake and enables the administrator to create a new user object (if necessary) and enable the deleted mailbox by connecting it to the user. By default, this setting is set to 30 days. It can be configured anywhere from 0 (immediate purge upon deletion) to 24,855 days. It is unlikely you will ever need the upper limit (equivalent to a little more than 68 years), but this setting can be adjusted to meet your organization’s needs. Unless disk space becomes an issue, it is recommended that you do not disable the deleted mailbox retention feature.

Don’t Permanently Delete Items Until the Database Has Been Backed Up—This final setting is not enabled by default. By checking this option, you instruct Exchange Server to not delete items or mailboxes, even after the retention period has expired, until the database has been successfully backed up. By selecting this option, you ensure that you can recover critical items or mailboxes from backup media, even after the purge has been completed.

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