Managing Windows Server 2012 Systems : Configuring Roles, Role Services, and Features (part 5) - Installing components at the prompt

10/25/2014 9:01:45 PM

Installing components at the prompt

When you want to manage server configuration at a prompt or in a script, you’ll use Windows PowerShell and the ServerManager module. Not only can you use this module’s cmdlets to add or remove roles, role services, and features, but you can use them to view the configuration details and status for these software components.

Going to the prompt for Server Management

You manage roles, role services, and features using the following cmdlets, which are part of the ServerManager module:

Get-WindowsFeature Lists the server’s current state with regard to roles, role services, and features.

Get-WindowsFeature [[-Name] ComponentNames] [-ComputerName Computer]
[-Credential Credential] [-LogPath LogFile.txt] [-Vhd VhdPath] [-WhatIf]

Install-WindowsFeature Installs the named role, role service, or feature. The –IncludeAllSubFeature parameter allows you to install all subordinate role services and features of the named component.

Install-WindowsFeature [-Name] ComponentNames [-ComputerName Computer]
[-IncludeAllSubFeature] [-IncludeManagementTools] [-Credential Credential]
-LogPath LogFile.txt] [-Source SourcePath] [-Restart | -Vhd VhdPath] [-WhatIf]

Uninstall-WindowsFeature Removes the named role, role service, or feature.

Uninstall-WindowsFeature [-Name] ComponentNames [-ComputerName Computer]
[-IncludeManagementTools] [-Credential Credential] [-LogPath LogFile.txt]
[-Remove] [-Restart | -Vhd VhdPath] [-WhatIf]

When applicable, you can

Use the –ComputerName parameter to specify the name or IP address of a remote computer to work with. Only one computer can be specified.
Use the –Credential parameter to pass in a credential for authentication. Credential objects are returned by the Get-Credential cmdlet.

Note

You can specify a user name as the credential using the format: “UserName” or “Domain\UserName” where the quotes are required, such as –Credential “CPANDL\Williams”. If you enter a user name, you will be prompted for a password.
Use the –LogPath parameter to log error details to a named log file as an alternative to the default logging used. The value you specify sets the path and the name of the log file.
Use the –Restart parameter to restart the computer automatically (if restarting is necessary to complete the operation).
Use the –Vhd parameter to specify the path to an offline VHD, which can be a relative local path on the target computer, such as C:\virt\server12b.vhd, or a network share specified by the UNC path, such as \\server42\curr\server12b.vhd.
Use the –WhatIf parameter to display the operations that would be performed if the command were executed.

Installable roles, role services, and features have a corresponding component name that identifies the component so that you can manipulate it from the PowerShell prompt. This also is true for supplemental components you’ve made available by downloading and installing their installer packages from the Microsoft website. You specify the list of components to install using the –Name parameter. This parameter matches actual component names and not display names. With Get-WindowsFeature, you can use wildcard characters. With Install-WindowsFeature and Uninstall-WindowsFeature, you cannot use wildcards but can use pipelining to get the required input names from another command, such as Get-WindowsFeature.

Understanding component names

Every installable role, role service, and feature has a component name. This name identifies the component so that it can be manipulated from the prompt. Remember, supplemental components are made available by downloading and installing their installer packages from the Microsoft website.

Table 3 provides a hierarchical listing of the component names associated with roles, related role services, and related subcomponents. When you are installing a role, you can use the –IncludeAllSubFeature parameter to install all the subordinate role services and features listed under the role and the –IncludeManagementTools parameter to install the related management tools.

Table 3. Component names for key roles and role services

Component Name	Role	Role Service	Subcomponent
AD-Certificate	Active Directory Certificate Services
AD-Domain-Services	Active Directory Domain Services
AD-Federation-Services	Active Directory Federation Services
ADLDS	Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services
ADRMS	Active Directory Rights Management Services
ADRMS-Server		Active Directory Rights Management Server
ADRMS-Identity		Identity Federation Support
Application-Server	Application Server
DHCP	DHCP Server
DNS	DNS Server
Fax	Fax Server
FileAndStorage-Services	File And Storage Services
File-Services		File and iSCSI Services
FS-FileServer			File Server
FS-BranchCache			BranchCache for Network Files
FS-Data-Deduplication			Data Deduplication
FS-DFS-Namespace			DFS Namespaces
FS-DFS-Replication			DFS Replication
FS-Resource-Manager			File Server Resource Manager
FS-VSS-Agent		File Server VSS Agent Service
FS-iSCSITarget-Server		iSCSI Target Server
iSCSITarget-VSS-VDS		iSCSI Target Storage Provider
FS-NFS-Service		Server for NFS
Storage-Services		Storage Services
Hyper-V	Hyper-V
NPAS	Network Policy and Access Services
NPAS-Policy-Server		Network Policy Server
NPAS-Health		Health Registration Authority
NPAS-Host-Cred		Host Credential Authorization Protocol
Print-Services	Print and Document Services
Print-Server		Print Server
Print-Scan-Server		Distributed Scan Server
Print-Internet		Internet Printing
Print-LPD-Service		LPD Service
RemoteAccess	Remote Access
DirectAccess-VPN		DirectAccess and VPN (RAS)
Routing		Routing
Remote-Desktop-Services	Remote Desktop Services
VolumeActivation	Volume Activation Services
Web-Server	Web Server (IIS)
WDS	Windows Deployment Services
WDS-Deployment		Deployment Server
WDS-Transport		Transport Server
UpdateServices	Windows Server Update Services
UpdateServices-WidDB		WID Database
UpdateServices-Services		WSUS Services
UpdateServices-DB		Database

Table 4 provides a hierarchical listing of the component names associated with features and related subfeatures. When you are installing a feature, you can use the –IncludeAllSubFeature parameter to install all the subordinate second-level and third-level features listed under the feature and the –IncludeManagementTools parameter to install the related management tools.

Table 4. Component names for features and subfeatures

Component Name	Feature	Subcomponent
NET-Framework-Features	.NET Framework 3.5 Features
NET-Framework-45-Features	.NET Framework 4.5 Features
NET-Framework-45-Core		.NET Framework 4.5
NET-Framework-45-ASPNET		ASP.NET 4.5
NET-WCF-Services45		WCF Services
BITS	Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS)
BitLocker	BitLocker Drive Encryption
BitLocker-NetworkUnlock	BitLocker Network Unlock
BranchCache	BranchCache
NFS-Client	Client for NFS
Data-Center-Bridging	Data Center Bridging
EnhancedStorage	Enhanced Storage
Failover-Clustering	Failover Clustering
GPMC	Group Policy Management
InkAndHandwritingServices	Ink and Handwriting Services
Internet-Print-Client	Internet Printing Client
IPAM	IP Address Management (IPAM) Server
ISNS	iSNS Server service
LPR-Port-Monitor	LPR Port Monitor
ManagementOdata	Management OData IIS Extension
Server-Media-Foundation	Media Foundation
MSMQ	Message Queuing
Multipath-IO	Multipath I/O
NLB	Network Load Balancing
PNRP	Peer Name Resolution Protocol
qWave	Quality Windows Audio Video Experience
CMAK	RAS Connection Manager Administration Kit (CMAK)
Remote-Assistance	Remote Assistance
RDC	Remote Differential Compression
RSAT	Remote Server Administration Tools
RSAT-Feature-Tools		Feature Administration Tools
RSAT-Role-Tools		Role Administration Tools
RPC-over-HTTP-Proxy	RPC over HTTP Proxy
Simple-TCPIP	Simple TCP/IP Services
SMTP-Server	SMTP Server
SNMP-Service	SNMP Service
User-Interfaces-Infra	User Interfaces and Infrastructure
Server-Gui-Mgmt-Infra		Graphical Management Tools and Infrastructure
Desktop-Experience		Desktop Experience
Server-Gui-Shell		Server Graphical Shell
Biometric-Framework	Windows Biometric Framework
PowerShellRoot	Windows PowerShell
PowerShell		Windows PowerShell 3.0
PowerShell-V2		Windows PowerShell 2.0 Engine
PowerShell-ISE		Windows PowerShell ISE
WindowsPowerShellWebAccess		Windows PowerShell Web Access
WAS	Windows Process Activation Service
Search-Service	Windows Search Service
Windows-Server-Backup	Windows Server Backup
Migration	Windows Server Migration Tools
WINS	WINS Server
Wireless-Networking	Wireless LAN Service
WoW64-Support	WoW64 Support
XPS-Viewer	XPS Viewer