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Backing Up Windows Server 2008 R2 Role Services (part 3)

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5/18/2011 6:29:40 PM

Certificate Services

When the Active Directory Certificate Services role and role servers are installed on a Windows Server 2008 R2 system, a Certification Authority is created. The Certification Authority or CA is used to manage and allocate certificates to users, servers, and workstations when files, folders, email, or network communication needs to be secured or encrypted.

When the CA allocates a certificate to a machine or user, that information is recorded in the certificate database on the local drive of the CA. If this database is corrupted or deleted, all certificates allocated from this server become invalid or unusable. To avoid this problem, the certificates and Certificate Services database should be backed up frequently. Even if certificates are rarely allocated to new users or machines, backups should still be performed regularly. The certificate authority database is backed up with a full system backup but can be backed up using the Certification Authority console. To perform a manual backup of the certificate authority, perform the following steps:

1.
Log on to the Windows Server 2008 R2 Certification Authority server system with an account with administrator privileges.

2.
Click Start, click All Programs, click Administrative Tools, and select Certification Authority.

3.
Double-click on the Certification Authority server to initiate the connection in the console.

4.
Right-click on the server, click All Tasks, and select Back Up CA.

5.
When the Certification Authority Backup Wizard opens, click Next on the welcome page.

6.
On the Items to Back Up page, check both check boxes, and in the Back Up to This Location text box, type c:\Windows\System32\CABackup\ and click Next, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5. Specifying the options for the Certification Authority Backup Wizard.

7.
A window opens stating that the destination folder does not exist; click OK to create the folder and continue.

8.
On the Select a Password page, enter a password, confirm the password, and click Next to continue. This password is very important because it will be required to restore the database should that be necessary—so store this password in a safe place.

9.
On the Completing the Certification Authority Backup Wizard page, review the settings, and click Finish to create the backup.

10.
After the backup completes, the focus is returned to the Certification Authority console. Close the console.

11.
Log off of the server.

Domain Name System

Domain name system (DNS) configuration data is stored in the Registry and is backed up with the System State backup. For each DNS zone that is hosted on the Windows Server 2008 R2 server that is not an Active Directory-integrated zone, a backup zone file is created and stored in the %systemroot%\DNS\Backup folder. These files can be backed up and used to restore a DNS zone to the same server after a restore or they can be used to create new zones on a different server using these files to import the latest saved records. For Active Directory-integrated DNS zones, these zones are backed up with the domain controller System State and can be troublesome to restore. To back up the DNS zones manually and selectively, perform the following steps:

1.
Log on to the Windows Server 2008 R2 domain controller running DNS services with an account with administrator privileges. These steps also work on primary zones that are not Active Directory-integrated and also on non-domain controller DNS servers.

2.
Click Start, click All Programs, click Accessories, and select Command Prompt.

3.
Type Dnscmd /ZoneExport companyabc.com companyabc.com.txt and press Enter. The previous example exports the companyabc.com DNS zone and the export file named companyabc.com.txt will be saved to c:\Windows\System32\DNS\companyabc.com.txt.

4.
Repeat this command for any other DNS zones that will be backed up.

5.
When completed, type exit and press Enter when completed.

Note

This method does not capture several elements of the zone, including security and delegate information. It also does not capture DNS server configuration information, including primary/secondary relationships, forwarding, and the like.


Windows Internet Naming Service

Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) is a database composed of NetBIOS names and their corresponding IP addresses. The NetBIOS names include domain, server, and workstation names, along with other records used to identify services such as the master browser. The WINS database is backed up by performing a System State backup of the WINS server or by initiating a backup using the WINS console.

Because the WINS database is populated by servers and workstations dynamically, in some cases backing up might not be necessary. When WINS contains static mappings, a WINS backup is essential because records will not be re-created automatically if the WINS database is corrupted or rebuilt from scratch. To create a backup using the WINS console, perform the following steps:

1.
Log on to the Windows Server 2008 R2 WINS server system with an account with administrator privileges.

2.
Click Start, click All Programs, click Administrative Tools, and select WINS.

3.
Double-click on the WINS server to initiate the connection in the console.

4.
Right-click on the WINS server in the tree pane, and select Back Up Database.

5.
Browse to the folder location to store the backup, and click OK. The default location that should be specified is c:\windows\system32\WINS.

6.
The backup will run and create a subfolder called wins_bak.

7.
Click OK on the Confirmation page indicating that the backup was successful, and close the WINS console.

8.
Log off of the Windows Server 2008 R2 WINS server system.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server is responsible for assigning IP addresses and options to devices on the network in need of network configuration. DHCP allocates IP configurations, including IP addresses, subnet masks, default gateways, DNS servers, WINS servers, WDS servers, TFTP servers, and boot filenames. Other IP options can be configured, depending on the organization’s needs.

These IP address scope properties and options are stored in the DHCP database. This database also stores the information concerning IP address leases and reservations. The DHCP database is backed up with a server System State backup, but it can also be backed up using the DHCP console.

To back up the DHCP database from the console, perform the following steps:

1.
Log on to the Windows Server 2008 R2 DHCP server system with an account with administrator privileges.

2.
Click Start, click All Programs, click Administrative Tools, and select DHCP.

3.
Double-click on the DHCP server to initiate the connection in the console.

4.
Right-click on the DHCP server in the tree pane, and select Backup.

5.
When the Browse for Folder window opens, it will default to the systemroot\System32\DHCP\Backup folder; click OK to accept this location and start the backup.

6.
There will be no confirmation of a successful backup. To verify if a backup was completed, open the folder and check the date and time stamps of the subfolders and files. The default subfolder name will be New.

7.
Log off of the DHCP server system.

Distributed File System

The Distributed File System (DFS) is a Windows Server 2008 R2 service that improves file share availability by providing a single unified namespace to access shared folders hosted across different servers. When DFS domain namespaces are used, DFS folders can be configured to replicate with one another using the DFS Replication service. Domain namespaces servers store the DFS folders, targets, and replication group configurations in Active Directory. When a stand-alone namespace is used, the configuration is stored in the namespace server’s Registry. Backing up the System State of a stand-alone DFS server backs up the DFS configuration. For domain DFS namespaces, backing up the System State of a domain controller accomplishes this task.

Internet Information Services

Internet Information Services (IIS) 7.5 is Windows Server 2008 R2’s web application and FTP server. It is included on every version of the Windows Server 2008 R2 platform, but it is not installed by default. IIS stores configuration information for web and FTP site configurations and security in a set of XML files stored in the system root folder. The IIS configuration is automatically backed up with full system backups and with separate System State backups.

Windows SharePoint Services

Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) runs on top of IIS 6.x and 7.x. Version 3.0 with SP2 can be downloaded and installed separately for use with Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2. WSS stores configuration- and site-related data (application data) within Microsoft SQL databases or within the internal Windows Server 2008 R2 database, also known as the SQL 2005 Express Edition. When WSS is installed, it can be configured to use the internal database or it can be connected to a fully functional SQL database server running on the local or a remote system.

Windows Server Backup currently supports the backup and restore of WSS configuration and application data natively, if the data is stored within the internal database. For WSS deployments or Microsoft Office SharePoint Server deployments that utilize SQL servers, the databases need to be backed up using a compatible SQL backup agent, or the backup functionality included within the SQL Management tools. To perform a manual backup of Windows SharePoint Services, perform the following steps:

1.
Log on to the Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows SharePoint Services server system with an account with administrator privileges.

2.
Click Start, click All Programs, click Administrative Tools, and select SharePoint 3.0 Central Administration.

3.
When the browser opens, if prompted, enter a username and password for an account with administrative privileges on the WSS server.

4.
When the SharePoint 3.0 Central Administration website opens, select the Operations tab.

5.
Scroll down in the window, and on the right side, under the Backup and Restore section, click on the Perform a Backup link.

6.
Near the top of the window, check the Farm check box to back up the entire contents and configuration data for the Windows SharePoint Services on this server, and click on the Continue to Backup Option link located right above the Farm check box, as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6. Performing a backup using SharePoint 3.0 Central Administration.

7.
On the next page, scroll down and enter the UNC path to store the backup, and click OK to start the backup.

8.
On the next page, click on the Timer Job Status link to view the status of the backup job. When the new page opens, review the status of the backup job, as shown in Figure 7, as an initialized job.

Figure 7. Reviewing the backup job status using SharePoint 3.0 Central Administration.

9.
After the job has completed, it will be removed from the Timer page upon refresh. Click the browser’s Back button to return to the Backup and Restore Status page, and click the Refresh button. Scroll down on the page to review the result of the backup.

10.
Close the browser and log off of the system.
Other -----------------
- Backing Up Windows Server 2008 R2 Role Services (part 2) - Backing Up Active Directory & Active Directory Recycle Bin
- Backing Up Windows Server 2008 R2 Role Services (part 1) - Backing Up the System State & Excluding Items from Backup
- Backing Up the Windows Server 2008 R2 Environment : Managing Backups Using the Command-Line Utility wbadmin.exe and PowerShell Cmdlets
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